Language/errors/basics-Phpdoc专题
Basics
PHP reports errors in response to a number of internal error conditions. These may be used to signal a number of different conditions, and can be displayed and/or logged as required.
Every error that PHP generates includes a type. A list of these error types is available, along with a short description of their behaviour and how they can be caused.
Handling errors with PHP
If no error handler is set, then PHP will handle any errors that occur
according to its configuration. Which errors are reported and which are
ignored is controlled by the
error_reporting
php.ini directive, or at runtime by calling <span
class="function">error_reporting. It is strongly recommended
that the configuration directive be set, however, as some errors can
occur before execution of your script begins.
In a development environment, you should always set
error_reporting
to E_ALL
, as you need to be aware of and fix the issues raised by
PHP. In production, you may wish to set this to a less verbose level
such as E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
, but in many
cases E_ALL
is also appropriate, as it may provide early warning
of potential issues.
What PHP does with these errors depends on two further php.ini
directives.
display_errors
controls whether the error is shown as part of the script's output. This
should always be disabled in a production environment, as it can include
confidential information such as database passwords, but is often useful
to enable in development, as it ensures immediate reporting of issues.
In addition to displaying errors, PHP can log errors when the
log_errors
directive is enabled. This will log any errors to the file or syslog
defined by
error_log
.
This can be extremely useful in a production environment, as you can log
errors that occur and then generate reports based on those errors.
User error handlers
If PHP's default error handling is inadequate, you can also handle many types of error with your own custom error handler by installing it with set_error_handler. While some error types cannot be handled this way, those that can be handled can then be handled in the way that your script sees fit: for example, this can be used to show a custom error page to the user and then report more directly than via a log, such as by sending an e-mail.